lignite fuelled power plant

lignite fuelled power plant

Due to its brittleness, high ash and water content as well as its low caloric value, lignite is a rather indifferent fuel. On top of that, on drying it tends to disintegrate into a fine dust with an exceptionally low flash point. Nevertheless the very substantial lignite deposits in West and Central Germany led to attempts to find some commercial use for lignite, which intensified during the 19th century. The increasing use of electricity, which started after around 1880 povided an ideal use for lignite. Nowadays the use of lignite as fuel for power plants has supplanted practically all other uses. Accordingly today all lignite opencast mines are owend and operated by one of the big power companies like RWE or Vattenfall.
Because of the peculiar properties of its fuel, a lignite fired power plant is organized somewhat differently from a conventinal coal fired power plant. Whereas the latter comprises a very conspicious coal starage area, large enough to store several months supply of coal, lignite fired power lants are located adjacent to one ore more lignite opencast mines. In the heyday of train transport, mining trains transporting freshly mined lignite were running back and forth directly between excavators and the discharging bunker of the power plant.
From discharging bunker the fuel is transported by conveyour belts to the intermediate bunkers. The bunkers are holding ony a few hours supply of lignite. From there it goes to mills, where the lignite is milled to and mixed with hot exhaust fumes to form a dust which can be transported by pipes to the burners of a dust fired furnace. This way long and costly transport and the need for large coal stores are avoided. This compensates largely the disadvantages of lignite as a fuel.
The high pressure steam, typically 250 bar pressure and 560 C, generated in the furnace is fed into turbogenerators in the engine house. The engine house does not only contain AC turbogenerators, generating the marketable product, but also DC turbogenerators which generate electricity for excavators, spreaders, mining locomotives and all other mining equipment. The expanded low pressure steam from the turbines is led into the condensors. The pure condensed water is reused as feed water for the furnaces. The warm cooling water is cooled in the cooling towers before being dicharged into a nearby river.
The vast amounts of ashes are collected in bunkers and transported back by train to ash deposits in mined out parts of a mine.
The asset is built as an industry which takes on lignite from enabled hopper cars and produces ashes, which it can discharge into enabled spoil cars.

Author: K. Bernhard

lignite fuelled power plant
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werk_4
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